KETOSULF 100ML SOLUTION (BOTTLE , 1 )
Sold by : Biochem Pharmaceutical Industrial Ltd (Origin:INDIA)
DESCRIPTION
Broad spectrum antifungal agent used for long periods at high doses, especially in immunosuppressed patients. It is a racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (2R,4S)- and (2S,4R)-ketoconazole with the chiral centers on the acetal ring.
CHEMICAL FORMULA
C26H28Cl2N4O4
COMPOSITION
ketoconozole 2% W/V
INDICATION
For the treatment of the following systemic fungal infections: candidiasis, chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, oral thrush, candiduria, blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, chromomycosis, and paracoccidioidomycosis.
PHARMACODYNAMICS
Ketoconazole, like clotrimazole, fluconazole, itraconazole, and miconazole, is an imidazole antifungal agent.
MECHANISM
Ketoconazole interacts with 14-a demethylase, a cytochrome P-450 enzyme necessary for the conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol. This results in inhibition of ergosterol synthesis and increased fungal cellular permeability. Other mechanisms may involve the inhibition of endogenous respiration, interaction with membrane phospholipids, inhibition of yeast transformation to mycelial forms, inhibition of purine uptake, and impairment of triglyceride and/or phospholipid biosynthesis. Ketoconazole can also inhibit the synthesis of thromboxane and sterols such as aldosterone, cortisol, and testosterone.
ABSORPTION
Moderate
METABOLISM
Hepatic
HALF LIFE
2 hours
TOXICITY
Hepatotoxicity, LD50=86 mg/kg (orally in rat)
FOOD INTERACTIONS
Avoid alcohol. Avoid milk, calcium containing dairy products, iron, antacids, or aluminum salts 2 hours before or 6 hours after using antacids while on this medication. Take with food.